Tor meaning is from the English language which defines it as a bare mass of rock that is surmounted and surrounded by groups of blocks and boulders which is further derived from the old English word ‘torr’.Īs per the Tor meaning, it is clear that they are exposed forms of rocks. It is also a term that is commonly used in the southwest of England for hills especially the hills and the high points located in Dartmoor in Devon and Bodmin Moor of Cornwall. Also, these tors large, free-standing outcrops of rocks that rise abruptly from the surrounding slopes that are smooth and gentle as they are a part of the rounded hill summit or the crest of a ridge. These tors are known as either castle koppie or kopje by geomorphologists. Despite the VNT still remains the gold standard, the sVNT might be a valuable tool for screening wider populations.Tors are typically the exposed rock mass of the jointed and broken blocks. CONCLUSIONS: Our data revealed a good agreement between VNT and sVNTs. Furthermore, Spearman's statistical analysis for the correlation of sVNT versus VNT showed r = 0.666 for Mindray r = 0.696 for Diesse r = 0.779 for Mindray and r = 0.810 for Euroimmun. Additionally, we investigated whether the sVNTs were closer to the gold standard than traditional anti- SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays S-RBD or S1 based, finding a higher agreement mean value for sVNTs (98.01 ± 1.705% vs 95.45 ± 1.921% p < 0.05).
RESULTS: The overall agreement between each sVNT and VNT was 95.45% for Euroimmun and 98.86% for Diesse, Mindray and Snibe. The antibody titers were subsequently detected and quantified by VNT. METHODS: Eighty-eight samples were tested using two chemiluminescence assays (Snibe and Mindray) and two ELISA assays (Euroimmun and Diesse). The aim of this study was to contribute more and detailed information about sVNTs' performance, by determining in vitro the anti- SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody concentration using four different commercial assays and then comparing the obtained data to VNT.
For these reasons, to counteract viral infection, the conventional virus neutralization test (VNT) is still considered the gold standard. However, there is a lack of information about the functional activity of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies that may be associated with protective responses. Neutralizing anti- SARS-CoV-2 antibodies through interaction with Spike protein Receptor Binding Domain (S-RBD) can block the virus from entering and infecting host cells.
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